Future Perfect

B2 Eiken Pre-1 Upper-intermediate

will have + past participle

Explanation

Use the future perfect to show that something will be finished before a future time.

In "I will have finished this report by 5 p.m.", "I" is the subject, "will have finished" is the future perfect, and "this report" is the thing I finish. "By 5 p.m." gives the deadline, so the report is complete before that time. Japanese often says "5時までにレポートを終えている" or "終わっているだろう". English puts that idea in the verb phrase "will have + past participle".

Examples

  • I will have finished this report by 5 p.m. 私は5時までにこのレポートを終えているでしょう。
  • She will have left before the meeting starts. 彼女は会議が始まる前に出発しているでしょう。
  • Will you have arrived by noon? 正午までに着いているでしょうか。
  • We will not have eaten dinner by then. その時までに私たちは夕食を食べ終えていないでしょう。
  • By next month, they will have lived here for three years. 来月で、彼らはここに住んで3年になります。
  • The train will have gone by the time we get there. 私たちが着く頃には、電車はもう行ってしまっているでしょう。

Common Mistakes

Japanese learners often forget "have" and say "I will finished it by Friday." The correct form is "I will have finished it by Friday." If you want to show that something is complete before a deadline, use "will have + past participle".

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