Using "can" and "could" for Requests

A2 Eiken Pre-2 Elementary

can/could + subject + base verb

Explanation

Use "can" and "could" to ask for help or permission. In this use, "can" does not mean ability. It means a request.

For example, "Could you open the window, please?" has "could" at the start, then "you", then the base verb "open". "The window" is the thing you want opened, and "please" makes the request softer. Japanese often says "窓を開けてください" or "窓を開けてもらえますか", but English usually keeps the subject "you" and uses the modal first.

Examples

  • Can you help me? 手伝ってくれますか?
  • Could you open the window, please? 窓を開けていただけますか。
  • Can I ask you a question? 質問してもいいですか?
  • Could I have a coffee, please? コーヒーをいただけますか。
  • Could you please not use my computer? 私のパソコンを使わないでください。
  • I was wondering if you could help me tomorrow. 明日、手伝っていただけないでしょうか。

Common Mistakes

Japanese learners often add "to" after "can" or "could".

Wrong: "Could you to help me?"

Right: "Could you help me?"

After "can" or "could", use the base verb, not "to" plus verb. Another common problem is making the request too direct in formal situations, so "Could you... ?" is often better than "Can you... ?".

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