Relative Clauses with "where" & "when"

B1 Eiken 2 Intermediate

noun + where/when + subject + verb

Explanation

Use "where" for a place and "when" for a time. In "This is the cafe where we met," "the cafe" is the place, and "where we met" tells us which cafe. The whole clause comes after the noun, so it works like one long noun phrase.

In "Do you remember the day when we first met?", "the day" is the time, and "when we first met" gives more detail about that day. Japanese often says "会ったカフェ" or "会った日" without a special word, but English usually needs "where" for places and "when" for times.

Note that it is common and natural to omit relative pronouns if it is the object of the relative clause.

Examples

  • This is the cafe where we met. ここは私たちが会ったカフェです。
  • I like the room where I can study quietly. 私は静かに勉強できる部屋が好きです。
  • Do you remember the day when we first met? 私たちが初めて会った日を覚えていますか。
  • That's the year when my son was born. それは息子が生まれた年です。
  • This is not the place where I lost my phone. ここは私が携帯をなくした場所ではありません。
  • Is there a time when you are free this week? 今週、あなたが空いている時間はありますか。

Common Mistakes

Japanese learners often leave out "where" or "when" and say "This is the cafe we met." or "Do you remember the day we first met?" In standard English, add "where" for a place and "when" for a time: "This is the cafe where we met." and "Do you remember the day when we first met?"

You will commonly hear native English speakers say "Do you remember the day we first met?" without the "when" included as we discussed above. This is a common, natively natural speech pattern that is also grammatically correct.

Ready to practice? Try a quick fill-in-the-blank quiz on this grammar point.