Gerunds as Subjects

B1 Eiken 2 Intermediate

"-ing" form as subject

Explanation

Use the "-ing" form when the action is the subject of the sentence.

In "Cooking at home saves money," "Cooking at home" is the subject. "saves" is the main verb, and "money" is the object. English often uses an "-ing" phrase here, but Japanese often uses a verb plus "こと" or a plain verb form. Remember that this subject is usually singular, so we say "saves," not "save."

Examples

  • Swimming is good exercise. 水泳はよい運動です。
  • Reading before bed helps me relax. 寝る前に本を読むと、リラックスできます。
  • Cooking at home saves money. 家で料理すると、お金の節約になります。
  • Is studying in the morning easier for you? 朝に勉強するほうが楽ですか。
  • Not sleeping enough can make you tired. 十分に寝ないと、疲れてしまうことがあります。
  • Working from home can be hard when the house is noisy. 家がうるさいと、在宅勤務は大変なことがあります。

Common Mistakes

Japanese learners often use the base verb instead of the "-ing" form: "Cook at home saves money." -> "Cooking at home saves money." They also sometimes use a plural verb: "Swimming are fun." -> "Swimming is fun."

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