Declarative Sentences

A1 Eiken 3 Beginner

subject + verb + object/complement

Explanation

A declarative sentence is a statement that gives information. In English, the usual order is subject + verb, and then an object or complement if needed.

For example, in "My sister lives in Tokyo," "My sister" is the subject, "lives" is the verb, and "in Tokyo" tells us where she lives.

Japanese can often leave the subject out and use a looser word order, but English usually needs the subject first and the verb in the right place. If you want to make a negative statement, you still keep the declarative sentence order, as in "I do not like cold coffee."

Examples

  • I am tired. 私は疲れています。
  • She has a new phone. 彼女は新しい携帯電話を持っています。
  • We live near the station. 私たちは駅の近くに住んでいます。
  • My father works in a hospital. 私の父は病院で働いています。
  • The children are playing outside. 子どもたちは外で遊んでいます。
  • I do not drink coffee. 私はコーヒーを飲みません。

Common Mistakes

Japanese learners often drop the subject or put the verb in the wrong place, because Japanese can say "疲れています" or "コーヒーは飲みません" without a clear English-style subject.

Wrong: "Is tired."

Right: "He is tired."

Wrong: "Coffee I do not drink."

Right: "I do not drink coffee."

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